Kidney Function Tests: What Your Lab Results Mean

Many patients receive blood and urine tests during routine checkups, but may not fully understand what the results mean. Kidney function tests provide valuable information about how well your kidneys are working.

During National Kidney Month, learning about these tests can help patients better understand their health.

Why Kidney Testing Is Important

Kidney disease often develops gradually and may not cause symptoms in its early stages. Laboratory testing allows healthcare providers to detect kidney problems before noticeable symptoms appear.

Early detection is critical for preventing long-term complications.

Common Kidney Function Tests

Several tests help evaluate kidney health.

• Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)

  The Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate measures how well your kidneys filter waste from the blood. It is calculated using a blood test that measures creatinine levels along with other factors such as age and sex. Lower eGFR levels may indicate reduced kidney function.

•  Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR)

  The Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio measures the amount of protein in the urine. Healthy kidneys typically prevent protein from leaking into urine. Elevated levels may indicate kidney damage.

•  Blood Creatinine Test

  Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle activity. High levels in the blood may indicate decreased kidney function.

Who Should Be Tested?

Kidney function testing is especially important for individuals with risk factors such as:

• Diabetes

• High blood pressure

• Heart disease

• Family history of kidney disease

• Age over 60

Your healthcare provider may recommend regular testing depending on your health history.

What Happens if Results Are Abnormal?

Abnormal results do not always mean serious kidney disease. Sometimes results may be affected by dehydration, medications, or temporary illness.

If test results suggest reduced kidney function, your healthcare provider may recommend additional testing or monitoring.  Early treatment can slow or prevent further kidney damage.

Understanding Your Health

If you have questions about your lab results, do not hesitate to ask your healthcare provider. Understanding your health information empowers you to take an active role in protecting your kidney health.